認識皮膚癌（下）

鱗狀細胞癌 (Squamous Cell Carcinoma)


鱗狀細胞癌則僅次於基底細胞癌，在表皮的角質細胞病發，亦是男性患上機會比女性高，而皮膚白哲，抗曬能力低及傾向易於曬黑的人較易患上　通常在臉上，耳，嘴唇等位置,患者皮膚呈紅色鱗屑角化物，皮膚出現腫塊或潰瘍，而曾經接受器官移植的病人，因需長期接受藥物治療，以減低排斥的機會，他們較易患上。另外，有些皮膚病患者需長期接受紫外光療，亦同樣較易患上的。




黑色素細胞癌 (Melanoma)


黑 色素細胞癌雖在中國人中並不常見，但卻是一種據有嚴重且轉移性極高的皮膚癌。黑色素細胞癌約占皮膚癌的百份之四，而死亡個案中占百份之七十五。這種癌細胞 迅速生長而出現潰瘍，而早期已有擴散的趨向，通常至淋巴及遠到內髒，肺及大腦等。患者最初只是一粒癦或痣，體積急遽增大，形狀不規則，有傷口，甚至顏色變 化，所以及早診斷是極其重要的。超過百仍份之五十的白種女性病發於腿部，白種男性病發於身軀，而亞洲人則多病發於足底，手掌,黏膜汊薄膜，甲床等位置。




參考資料: www.genesis-surgery.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

認識皮膚癌（上）

皮膚是人體最大的器官，結構分別為三層，外層是表皮，然後是深層的真皮，其次是皮下組織　而最常見的皮膚癌有三大類，包括基層細胞癌,鱗狀細胞癌，這兩種可統稱為(非黑色素細胞癌) ，而第三種則是黑色素細胞癌。另外還有其他的皮膚癌，包括真皮,皮下組織甚少出現癌症的。


現 時全球的病發率有不段上升的趨勢,就連香港的病發率遠較西方人低的，也在急速上升。雖然不是所有皮膚癌都是因暴露在陽光下有關，但暴露在紫外光的照射下和 皮膚的類型是皮膚癌最主要的兩種因素，所以大家應明白過度曝曬在陽光下的危險及做足預防措施的重要性。而其他會導致皮膚癌的因素有: 利用室內太陽燈曝曬，經常接觸化學致癌物，輻射影響或慢性皮膚刺激或發炎等。


基層細胞癌 (Basal Cell Carcinoma)

基 層細胞是一種生長較慢而又是最常見的一種皮膚癌，通常發生於頭部,臉上，頸部和手部，男性比女性多，患者的皮膚較白哲，眼珠和毛發通常都較淺色。基底細胞 癌從外觀看來是表面光滑的肉粒或肉結，而它轉移到其他部位的機會不大，但癌細胞亦可能往皮膚下延至骨骼，使容貌轉變的。
（續）



參考資料: www.genesis-surgery.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

睪丸癌 - 睪丸癌的成因,睪丸癌徵狀

睪丸是男性生殖系統的一部份，睪丸癌是指一個或兩個睪丸的細胞異常生長所形成的癌病。

 
睪丸癌的成因


睪丸癌與其他常見的男性癌症不同之處是睪丸癌患者大多是45歲以下的年青男性，
它是香港較罕見的癌症。

·      睪丸癌的成因至今依然未明，但高危因素包括 :
        家族中曾有人患上睪丸癌

·      曾有睪丸未降（隱睪）或睪丸異常發展的情況



 
睪丸癌的常見徵狀


睪丸癌患者的常見病徵及徵狀包括：
·         睪丸出現無痛的腫塊或睪丸肥大
·         陰囊感覺沉重
·         下腹或鼠蹊隱隱作痛
·         陰囊突然積聚液體
·         睪丸癌可能產生激素，令乳腺增大或疼痛





參考資料:  www.genesis-surgery.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料

何為乳腺增生 ?

一 些 女 性 的  乳 房 整 體較 為 凹 凸 不 平 ， 在 月 經 前 較 明 顯 脹 痛 ， 月 經 後 便 會 消 失 ， 稱 作 乳 腺 良 性 增 生 。 這 情 況 毋 需 治 療 ， 但 亦 可 服 用 普 通 的 止 痛 藥 物 以 舒 緩 痛 楚 。



乳 房 疼 痛 也 可 能 由 其 他 原 因 引 起 ， 例 如 過 緊 的 胸 圍 、 過 度 運 動 或 因 體 力 勞 動 而 受 損 等 。 此 類 疼 痛 局 部 而 沒 有 周 期 性 ， 只 要 配 戴 合 適 的 胸 圍 或 在 運 動 後 有 適 量 的 休 息 ， 或 加 上 使 用 普 通 的 止 痛 藥 物 ， 便 可 改 善 。



此 外 ，  乳 房 炎 、  乳 房 膿 腫 、 及 在 較 罕 有 的 情 況 下 罹 患 的 乳 癌 等 ， 都 可 以 引 起  乳 房 疼 痛 。 因 此 最 好 還 是 請 醫 生 診 斷 ， 確 定  乳 房 疼 痛 的 原 因 。   乳 頭 分 泌   乳 頭 分 泌 大 多 是 由 乳 腺 受 內 分 泌 刺 激 而 產 生 ， 可 見 於 剛 生 產 過 後 、 或 腦 下 垂 體 腫 瘤 引 致 體 內 乳 激 素 過 高 所 致 。 此 外 ， 服 用 某 些 精 神 科 藥 物 、 降 血 壓 藥 ， 甚 至 避 孕 藥 也 可 導 致 這 一 現 像 ， 停 藥 後 則 會 停 止 。





參考資料:www.genesis-surgery.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料

ingrown nail surgery (2)

Ingrown nail surgery, ingrown nail procedure

 

Swelling causes pain when patient walks. In early stages, conventional treatments such as anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, softening toe nails with warm water can relief the symptoms. However, for severe ingrown nails, the cure is to remove the entire nail. Below are several possible treatments:

Remove all ingrown nails: this is the simplest method. Generally one-third of the nail is removed, so no nail remains in the skin and no pain will be felt. But the chance of relapse is up to 80-90%. Factors like nail too close to the edges and nail bed swelling will also affect the effectiveness.

Wedge Resection：

 

which is to remove the all toe tissues including the nail groove and the nail plate and stich afterwards. Chance of relapse is much lower, but the toenail may be deformed and narrower. Since suture is required, there will be wound and remove the stitches after the surgery.

Chemicals to damage the toenail matrix: apply chemicals on the ingrown nail, which damages the toenail matrix, so as to prevent the growth of the nail. The method is simple but incomplete. Because excess chemicals may cause unnecessary damage on other tissues, but too little may lead to re-growing of nails around nail groove, so ingrown nail will happen again.

Laser：A new ingrown nail surgery in recent years. The method is to remove one-fourth or one-fifth of the nail plate and apply laser to the nail matrix, preventing its growth. Laser also vaporizes the nail bed tissues, so swelling is reduced. This surgery requires local anesthetic and lasts for about 30 minutes. It causes less damage and thus quicker recovery.



 

 

Reference information: www.genesis-surgery.com

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

ingrown nail surgery (1)

Case sharing

Mr. Chan had experienced the pain of ingrown nail. “Two months ago I felt pain on the right big toe. It was so painful that I could not wear shoes except slippers. I could barely walk. Painkillers are just for temporary uses. It was very disturbing to my life. I couldn’t focus on my work, couldn’t do exercises and couldn’t go out to dine with my friends because of the pain in my toes. Mainly I could only stay home and watch TV. It was very depressing.

His sister experienced the same thing years ago. Her method was to remove the entire toe nail and wait for it to grow back. Mr Chan thinks the reason for his ingrown nail is he cut his nail too deeply, causing new nails inserted into the skin nearby. Now Mr Chan would never do the same thing again.

Causes of ingrown nail

The nail bed under the nail is a very thin layer of skin. Nail is similar to hair, which grows after it is peeled off. Matrix is the origin of the toe nail, which is under the cover of the skin total. Ingrown nail seldom occur in finger nails, usually it happens on the big toe nails, and very few happen on other toe nails, which is usually caused by congenital deformation.

Ingrown nail happens when cutting the toe nail too deeply, so when the nail grows upward, it penetrates the nail total as a sharp blade, causing trauma, leading to bacterial infection and forming pus. Other factors such as wearing high heels, narrow head shoes, will all increase pressure on the toes, causing swelling. And sweaty feet will increase moisture and worsen the problem of ingrown nail.

Reference information: www.genesis-surgery.com

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above

What is Keloid Scarring ?

 

Have you experienced the growth of red lumps on your earlobes after getting your ears pierced? Or wounds on your shoulders that become lump-like and spread outside the original area of skin damage, causing pain and itchiness?

The above scarring is known as Keloids, which is formed by the growth of scarring tissues and may occur in both major and minor injuries. As Keloids are unsightly and may cause discomfort, a new generation of cryosurgical scar treatment, CryoShape, has been developed to effectively reduce the size of Keloid scars through needle insertion of liquid nitrogen, which freezes and destroys the growth cells. This method is much more advanced and effective than previous treatment methods.

 

 Causes of Keloid Scarring

Although the exact cause of Keloid formation is still unknown within the medical community, genetic and racial factors have been found to greatly increase the chances of Keloid scarring. Genetically, some patients have had relatives who have suffered from the same condition, while some may even occur across different generations. In terms of race, Keloid scarring most commonly occurs in Africans, followed by Asians. It is less common among Caucasians.



  

Reference information: http://keloid.com.hk/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.