睪丸癌 - 睪丸癌的成因,睪丸癌徵狀

睪丸是男性生殖系統的一部份，睪丸癌是指一個或兩個睪丸的細胞異常生長所形成的癌病。

 
睪丸癌的成因


睪丸癌與其他常見的男性癌症不同之處是睪丸癌患者大多是45歲以下的年青男性，
它是香港較罕見的癌症。

·      睪丸癌的成因至今依然未明，但高危因素包括 :
        家族中曾有人患上睪丸癌

·      曾有睪丸未降（隱睪）或睪丸異常發展的情況



 
睪丸癌的常見徵狀


睪丸癌患者的常見病徵及徵狀包括：
·         睪丸出現無痛的腫塊或睪丸肥大
·         陰囊感覺沉重
·         下腹或鼠蹊隱隱作痛
·         陰囊突然積聚液體
·         睪丸癌可能產生激素，令乳腺增大或疼痛





參考資料:  www.genesis-surgery.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料

何為乳腺增生 ?

一 些 女 性 的  乳 房 整 體較 為 凹 凸 不 平 ， 在 月 經 前 較 明 顯 脹 痛 ， 月 經 後 便 會 消 失 ， 稱 作 乳 腺 良 性 增 生 。 這 情 況 毋 需 治 療 ， 但 亦 可 服 用 普 通 的 止 痛 藥 物 以 舒 緩 痛 楚 。



乳 房 疼 痛 也 可 能 由 其 他 原 因 引 起 ， 例 如 過 緊 的 胸 圍 、 過 度 運 動 或 因 體 力 勞 動 而 受 損 等 。 此 類 疼 痛 局 部 而 沒 有 周 期 性 ， 只 要 配 戴 合 適 的 胸 圍 或 在 運 動 後 有 適 量 的 休 息 ， 或 加 上 使 用 普 通 的 止 痛 藥 物 ， 便 可 改 善 。



此 外 ，  乳 房 炎 、  乳 房 膿 腫 、 及 在 較 罕 有 的 情 況 下 罹 患 的 乳 癌 等 ， 都 可 以 引 起  乳 房 疼 痛 。 因 此 最 好 還 是 請 醫 生 診 斷 ， 確 定  乳 房 疼 痛 的 原 因 。   乳 頭 分 泌   乳 頭 分 泌 大 多 是 由 乳 腺 受 內 分 泌 刺 激 而 產 生 ， 可 見 於 剛 生 產 過 後 、 或 腦 下 垂 體 腫 瘤 引 致 體 內 乳 激 素 過 高 所 致 。 此 外 ， 服 用 某 些 精 神 科 藥 物 、 降 血 壓 藥 ， 甚 至 避 孕 藥 也 可 導 致 這 一 現 像 ， 停 藥 後 則 會 停 止 。





參考資料:www.genesis-surgery.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料

ingrown nail surgery (2)

Ingrown nail surgery, ingrown nail procedure

 

Swelling causes pain when patient walks. In early stages, conventional treatments such as anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, softening toe nails with warm water can relief the symptoms. However, for severe ingrown nails, the cure is to remove the entire nail. Below are several possible treatments:

Remove all ingrown nails: this is the simplest method. Generally one-third of the nail is removed, so no nail remains in the skin and no pain will be felt. But the chance of relapse is up to 80-90%. Factors like nail too close to the edges and nail bed swelling will also affect the effectiveness.

Wedge Resection：

 

which is to remove the all toe tissues including the nail groove and the nail plate and stich afterwards. Chance of relapse is much lower, but the toenail may be deformed and narrower. Since suture is required, there will be wound and remove the stitches after the surgery.

Chemicals to damage the toenail matrix: apply chemicals on the ingrown nail, which damages the toenail matrix, so as to prevent the growth of the nail. The method is simple but incomplete. Because excess chemicals may cause unnecessary damage on other tissues, but too little may lead to re-growing of nails around nail groove, so ingrown nail will happen again.

Laser：A new ingrown nail surgery in recent years. The method is to remove one-fourth or one-fifth of the nail plate and apply laser to the nail matrix, preventing its growth. Laser also vaporizes the nail bed tissues, so swelling is reduced. This surgery requires local anesthetic and lasts for about 30 minutes. It causes less damage and thus quicker recovery.



 

 

Reference information: www.genesis-surgery.com

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

ingrown nail surgery (1)

Case sharing

Mr. Chan had experienced the pain of ingrown nail. “Two months ago I felt pain on the right big toe. It was so painful that I could not wear shoes except slippers. I could barely walk. Painkillers are just for temporary uses. It was very disturbing to my life. I couldn’t focus on my work, couldn’t do exercises and couldn’t go out to dine with my friends because of the pain in my toes. Mainly I could only stay home and watch TV. It was very depressing.

His sister experienced the same thing years ago. Her method was to remove the entire toe nail and wait for it to grow back. Mr Chan thinks the reason for his ingrown nail is he cut his nail too deeply, causing new nails inserted into the skin nearby. Now Mr Chan would never do the same thing again.

Causes of ingrown nail

The nail bed under the nail is a very thin layer of skin. Nail is similar to hair, which grows after it is peeled off. Matrix is the origin of the toe nail, which is under the cover of the skin total. Ingrown nail seldom occur in finger nails, usually it happens on the big toe nails, and very few happen on other toe nails, which is usually caused by congenital deformation.

Ingrown nail happens when cutting the toe nail too deeply, so when the nail grows upward, it penetrates the nail total as a sharp blade, causing trauma, leading to bacterial infection and forming pus. Other factors such as wearing high heels, narrow head shoes, will all increase pressure on the toes, causing swelling. And sweaty feet will increase moisture and worsen the problem of ingrown nail.

Reference information: www.genesis-surgery.com

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above

What is Keloid Scarring ?

 

Have you experienced the growth of red lumps on your earlobes after getting your ears pierced? Or wounds on your shoulders that become lump-like and spread outside the original area of skin damage, causing pain and itchiness?

The above scarring is known as Keloids, which is formed by the growth of scarring tissues and may occur in both major and minor injuries. As Keloids are unsightly and may cause discomfort, a new generation of cryosurgical scar treatment, CryoShape, has been developed to effectively reduce the size of Keloid scars through needle insertion of liquid nitrogen, which freezes and destroys the growth cells. This method is much more advanced and effective than previous treatment methods.

 

 Causes of Keloid Scarring

Although the exact cause of Keloid formation is still unknown within the medical community, genetic and racial factors have been found to greatly increase the chances of Keloid scarring. Genetically, some patients have had relatives who have suffered from the same condition, while some may even occur across different generations. In terms of race, Keloid scarring most commonly occurs in Africans, followed by Asians. It is less common among Caucasians.



  

Reference information: http://keloid.com.hk/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

微波除汗 吞丸驗腸 (二) - 多汗症

叮死汗腺

皮膚上有多種分汾腺，包括外分泌腺(Eccrine Gland)及頂泌腺(Aporine Gland)等。前者遍布全身，負責制造汗水，調節體溫；後者則主要集中在腋下及下體，產生體味分泌，若分泌過多會形成狐臭。獲美國食品及藥物管理局認可 的miraDry，屬腋下多汗症的非入侵性治療。原理如下：
（１） 發射微波能量深入真皮與皮下脂肪接口處產生熱能，叮熱汗腺令其萎縮；
（２） 冷凍系統在治療期間運作，確保不會灼傷皮膚。


腋下除臭大法

腋下多汗煩人，最慘是帶來難聞汗臭，若屬輕度，可采用上汗劑；中度或嚴重多汗就可考慮采取效能較持久的治療方法。

微波 打針 外科手術

	微波	打針	外科手术
原理	利用微波能量，向真皮發射熱能，令汗腺萎縮。	注射肉毒杆菌，阻斷排汗神經末梢的訊息，減少出汗。	透過外科手術，切除汗腺。
治療需時	約一小時	約１０分鐘	１至２小時
療程	１至２次	須定期重打	１次
效能	永久	６個月至１年	永久
費用	$30,000至$40,000	$6,000至$7,000	约$20,000

注：費用為私家診所收費，只供參考。

參考資料: www.genesis-surgery.com

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的 外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

微波除汗 吞丸驗腸 (一) - 多汗症

 

「以往治療腋下多汗症主要靠外科手術切除汗腺，或注射肉毒杆菌，短暫性止汗，但前者有手術風險，後者則必須定期注射。」皮膚專科醫生陳衍裡指出，新近獲美國食品及藥物管理局（ＦＤＡ），認可為非侵入性、以微波能量治療原發性腋下多汗症的儀器miraDry是另一個選擇。


「臨床測試顯示，嚴重多汗症病人在接受兩次治療後，汗水分泌減少逾八成。」陳衍裡醫生補充：「人體有超過四百萬個汗腺，當中只有約２％的腺體位於腋下，所 以就算治療後消除了決腋下汗腺，對整體自我降溫功能影響不大。」不過，陳醫生提醒：「懷孕、哺乳婦女、腋下有發炎均不適宜接受治療；若腋下有痣或疤痕，會 阻礙儀器與皮膚接觸，影響治療效果。

另外，病人要有心理准備，治療後腋下會有局部腫脹及疼痛，可能要數周後先消失。」
Kanix在第一次療程後已明顯感到汗量減少。「比以前減了約三、四成汗量，起碼而家行得急，腋下都唔會即刻濕曬。」


同時除臭脫毛

減少出汗，亦令Kanix減少汗臭，「以前大汗，細個又無剃毛習慣，腋下毛發有時會出現一些白色粉末，黏黏的，而且就算點換衫，特別大汗的日子總有汗味，好尷尬。」

陳衍裡醫生表示：「汗腺中有一種叫頂必腺，會分泌異味，形成體臭，療程後令其萎縮，可同時減去汗臭。另外，臨床研究亦發現，療程會令部分毛囊萎縮，同時具有脫毛效果，但脫到幾多就未有數據證實。」
（續）






參考資料: www.genesis-surgery.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的外科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。