2016年2月22日 星期一

冷凍治療+類固醇+壓力衣 擊退頑治蟹足腫 (上)

蟹足腫,驟耳聽來不知其所指,實情這病稱很具象,因患者疤痕組織會似蟹足般伸展開去,才由此得名。這病出晒名難醫,即使手術切除,疤痕組織再生得更大嚿者大有人在。幸好,最近終於有新的混合療法,令復發率可降至低於 5% 蟹足腫(Keloid)一症,名堂多的是,正式學名叫瘢瘤,國內醫學文獻會寫成疤痕疙瘩,廣東人又多數會很「哩民」的稱之為肉芽,但總的而言,都是在指一種「有嘢突出來」、又紅紅腫腫的疤痕組織異常增生症狀。


單純切除 9成復發

外 科專科醫生陳東飛表示,蟹足腫在身體任何位置都有可能發病,一般臨床以胸口、背部、膊頭及耳仔等部位為常發病位。此症病因未明,只知跟體質遺傳因素有關, 加上變數多的是,例如同樣在耳仔打耳洞,病人可能打耳珠無事,但給耳尖打耳洞後就有疤痕組織增生凸出一粒肉,所以病人很多時已求診過很多醫生,除了家庭醫 生、皮膚科,生在耳仔的也可能會睇耳鼻喉科,生在臉部的又會睇整形外科。「但建議的處理方法,通常也莫衷一是,例如部分會主張手術切除、做放射性治療,甚 至注射化療藥入疤痕組織等療法,而要數最多人聽過的建議,一定是唔好搞佢,因為怕愈搞可能愈大撻疤。」

對於此說,陳醫生強調如用不適當方法處理,的確有可能令疤痕組織擴散,特別是外科手術切除又沒配合輔助治療者,更有 8 9 成機會復發,且再生的疤痕組織多數會更大撻。「說實話,暫時醫學上仍沒有一個方法可以醫好晒此症,只是隨着研究推陳,綜合治療經驗發現進行混合治療的療效會最好,控病效果遠較單純用一種療法理想。」


冷凍原理古法新用

最新的混合療法取向,選取醫學上已應用近 30 年的冷凍治療,再輔助配合類固醇及壓力治療,整個療程較長以「年月計」,但觀察所見,依從性強的病例,經此三合一療法,復發率可降至低於 5% 以下,且論治療安全性,遠較前文提及的各種單一療法都高。
「醫學上運用液態氮作冷凍治療,早用於治療表面皮膚病變如疣,利用冷凍令患處細胞壞死後可甩脫。用在蟹足腫的冷凍治療,其實經過改良新用,因為此症問題不在皮膚表面,而是在真皮層。」

簡 單理解,皮膚分為表皮層(即角質化細胞),表皮層再深入就是真皮層,內有纖維細胞、骨膠原、骨膠蛋白、神經綫、毛囊等組織,蟹足腫的病源位置正正就是在真 皮層。「故論治療效果,經改良後可直接去到真皮層的冷凍治療,會有效過只在表皮層做切除。而蟹足腫的冷凍治療會是透過特別的針頭,穿過疤痕組織進入真皮層 來進行,期間針內運行的液態氮可令針外疤痕組織處於一個急速冷凍狀態,最低溫度可以去到零下 50 60 度,藉此低溫破壞患處組織,使之慢慢萎縮,大部分疤痕組織都有縮小 50% 80% 的效果。」

先 旨聲明,冷凍治療的目的是將疤痕組織的細胞冷凍至壞死,故治療就算在局部麻醉下進行,病人基本仍會感覺一定程度痛感。而治療後身體第一個反應是:腫,尤其 治療後當晚會最腫,患處可以腫到類似灼傷起水泡的狀態,傷口亦會流血水會痛,必須注意傷口護理清潔以防感染,這階段約維持 1 2 周,患處疤痕組織才會慢慢收縮。基於單純做冷凍治療,部分病人仍會復發,陳醫生指大部分個案都會建議配合輔助治療,包括注射 2 3 次類固醇針劑,以及患處若能配合再要做壓力治療(建議約 6 9 個月),有需要可尋求職業治療師協助度身訂造壓力衣,進一步減低疤痕組織再異常增生的機會。「壓力治療長短因人而異,理論上愈長效果會愈好,就是患處在耳仔,現亦有已經改良的壓力耳環可配合使用,臨床亦以依從性較強的病例,療效較理想。」







參考資料: www.genesis-surgery.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途,如果你有任何醫療問題,
應向自己的外科醫生查詢,而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

2016年2月17日 星期三

Hyperhidrosis/Body Odour



Patients suffering from minor to medium cases of hyperhidrosis may apply deodorant to dry skin to prevent excessive sweating. Medical treatment is not normally administered due to its side effects and low rate of success.


Botox injection is also an option. Effects last for 6 months and the injection must be administered regularly. Although each treatment requires the injection of Botox at up to 100 locations, which may seem a lot, the biggest benefit is that any side effects will dissipate within 6 months as the Botox loses its effectiveness.


Alternatively, lonophoresis is a method that allows patients to receive treatment at the comfort of their own homes. The equipment can only be purchased in the United States or Europe. During the treatment, skin is soaked in saline solution. Electric currents will then be passed through the skin. At the beginning, lonophresis has to be administered four times a week, for 30 minutes each time. Frequency may then be reduced to once a month when the condition improves. However, patients may find this treatment overly troublesome and forego this option.





The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

2016年2月16日 星期二

臭到女友頂唔順 決心開刀

 
 
坊間治療多汗症方法五花八門,外科專科醫生陳東飛表示,首名接受 ELS手術的 35歲男病人,被嚴重腳汗、腳臭困擾長達五年,曾向中醫求診,用中藥材浸腳無效,因其女友難頂其腳汗、腳臭問題,男病人遂於今年 10月接受該手術,脫離腳臭一族。 
 
陳指,男病人自小出現腳汗,至近年趨嚴重,出外要改穿凉鞋,避免焗腳。他每天回公司及返家後,第一時間衝入廁所洗腳,去除腳汗臭味。若要買鞋,更要先回家 洗腳,洗走腳臭味,再到家中附近鞋店「極速」買鞋,避免試鞋時因腳臭引起尷尬。

 
在家無法穿拖鞋
 
踏入夏天,他更會因腳汗太多,要穿襪子吸汗,對日常生活構成不便,在家更無法穿着拖鞋,否則容易跣腳,增加發生意外風險。該名男病人 10月完成手術後,腳汗問題即時停止。 陳東飛稱,另一名 50多歲女病人, 30年前曾接受手汗手術,引致出現補償性腳汗。女病人夏天須穿襪子吸汗。外出時,要經常到商場搵廁所洗腳,嚴重影響日常社交生活。她正等候接受 ELS手術,解決腳汗困擾。

外科專科 陳東飛醫生

 
 
參考資料www.genesis-surgery.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途,如果你有任何醫療問題,
應向自己的外科醫生查詢,而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

2016年2月5日 星期五

Thyroid surgery, endoscopic axillary thyroidectomy

 
 
Thyroid gland is a major endocrine gland in the endocrine system, located in the center of neck, at the sides of trachea. The major function of thyroid gland is to release thyroid hormones to maintain metabolism. Thyroid hormones pose great effects on growth and development. Excessive and deficiency of thyroid hormones can both cause diseases. Thyroid tumor, hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis are common thyroid diseases.

 
Thyroid diseases treatment
 
Traditional thyroid surgery has to make a 6-10 cm incision on the neck, leaving a permanent scar. Thyroidectomy can now be done by placing the endoscope and ultrasonic scalpel via two 0.5cm incisions on areola of the breasts, and another incision in the underarm with the same size, for putting in other surgical instrument.
Thus thyroid gland can be removed with the help of a high definition monitor.

 
Thyroidectomy indication
 
It is applicable for single goiter, nodular goiter, cystic hyperplasia of thyroid, hemorrhagic cyst, toxic nodular goiter, thyroid adenoma or hyperparathyroidism
 
 
Advantages thyroidectomy 
Endoscopic axillary thyroidectomy are effective with no scar on the neck, and two months after the surgery, scars on the areola and underarm can barely be seen. As the surgery is done with the machines, images are clear during the surgery with less bleeding and chances of complication.

 
 
Reference information: www.genesis-surgery.com
The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

2016年1月27日 星期三

除甲狀腺結節 射頻勝開刀

吞口水感疼痛、聲沙等,需慎防甲狀腺毛病。外科專科醫生表示,本港一半人或有甲狀腺良性結節,未必需要處理,但當摸到頸部「有粒嘢」或腫脹,感到頸痛、壓 迫感等,可考慮手術切除部分甲狀腺。本港今年引入射頻消融術治療良性結節,毋須切除甲狀腺,患者不用留院,傷口疤痕僅一至兩毫米,康復較快。 
 陳東飛(右)指,照超聲波可揪出甲狀腺毛病。
外科專科醫生陳東飛表示,甲狀腺良性結節成因不明,部分人的結節細小而不察覺,結節直徑達一至兩厘米才開始感不適。

氣管或受壓 礙患者呼吸

他又指,結節若未能及早處理,有機會愈長愈大,可能壓住聲帶而影響聲線;若壓住氣管、食道,可以引起呼吸困難及吞嚥問題。
陳東飛稱,患甲狀腺良性結節,同時出現頸部疼痛、壓迫感及異物凸出等,可考慮以手術去除部分甲狀腺,但有機會影響甲狀腺功能,且手術造成傷口較大,需全身 麻醉及留院,患者康復期較長。近年韓國透過射頻消融術治療良性結節,毋須切除甲狀腺,只須以放出高溫的金屬針令結節凋亡,傷口極小,患者術後不用住院。消 融術今年四月引入本港,至今有三名病人接受消融術,康復情況良好。

 
「初初以為熱氣、扁桃腺炎,一路無理,原來係甲狀腺問題。」曾換腎的四十五歲李小姐兩年前發覺頸部「有粒嘢」凸出,半年後異物長大至一釐米,檢查發覺是甲 狀腺良性結節。她服藥後,未見好轉,考慮到傳統切除手術的感染風險較高,不敢貿然做手術。但拖延多個月後,結節持續長大,臨床顯示結節體積有九毫升,最終 今年七月接受射頻消融術,如今康復理想。

 
惡性腫瘤 新技術不適用
陳東飛指,射頻消融術可治不同體積大小的良性結節,但不適合惡性腫瘤。患者術前須透過超聲波及抽針等確定結節是否良性。他提醒,頸部有異物及聲沙等徵兆亦可能由其他疾病引起,如喉癌、甲狀腺癌等,市民有懷疑應盡快求醫。
 
 射頻消融術VS傳統切除手術
 
 
 
參考資料:http://orientaldaily.on.cc/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途,如果你有任何醫療問題,
應向自己的外科醫生查詢,而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

2016年1月26日 星期二

What is Keloid Scarring

Have you experienced the growth of red lumps on your earlobes after getting your ears pierced? Or wounds on your shoulders that become lump-like and spread outside the original area of skin damage, causing pain and itchiness? The above scarring is known as Keloids, which is formed by the growth of scarring tissues and may occur in both major and minor injuries. As Keloids are unsightly and may cause discomfort, a new generation of cryosurgical scar treatment, "Cryosurgery", has been developed to effectively reduce the size of Keloid scars through needle insertion of liquid nitrogen, which freezes and destroys the growth cells. This method is much more advanced and effective than previous treatment methods.

Causes of Keloid Scarring


Although the exact cause of Keloid formation is still unknown within the medical community, genetic and racial factors have been found to greatly increase the chances of Keloid scarring. Genetically, some patients have had relatives who have suffered from the same condition, while some may even occur across different generations. In terms of race, Keloid scarring most commonly occurs in Africans, followed by Asians. It is less common among Caucasians.

Do I Suffer from Keloid Scarring?


As mentioned, no matter how serious or minor the wound is, from acne, chicken pox, ear-piercing, scratches, insect bites or BCG vaccines to burns and serious injuries, there is still a risk of Keloid scarring. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious even if the wound is small. As opposed to scars, Keloids will not fade and flatten over time. Instead, the scar tissues will grow above the wound or when the wound gets infected, and may even grow beyond the original scarring area.

Keloids are mostly pink, red or purple, and are typically arc-shaped and protruding. In normal conditions, itchiness, swelling and tightness will occur in the affected area, while Keloids of a bigger size may not only be unsightly, but cause pain as well.

Which Areas are More Prone to Keloid Scarring?


Keloids most commonly appear near wounds on the back, chest, earlobes and shoulders. They could also occur at the chin area. Medical research stipulates that this might be caused by the loss of control of fibroblast in such areas.












Reference information: http://keloid.com.hk/keloid-scar.html
The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult Surgery Specialist before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above

2016年1月18日 星期一

冷凍治療(CryoShape)

有效治療疤痕增生的方法:冷凍治療(CryoShape)

目前醫學界有多種治療瘢瘤的方法,惟未能全面徹底阻止組織增生,復發機會亦較高,容易長出更大的瘢痕。近年獲美國食品藥物管理局(FDA)確認其治療瘢瘤功效的冷凍治療(CryoShape),便能打破以往其他治療方法的限制。

透過溫度的改變破壞細胞,令壞死的細胞結痂脫落,減低復發機會。其實早在70至80年代,醫學界已採用冷凍治療,以液化氣體消除疣及痣等,直至90年代後期,醫學界更開始研究冷凍治療應用在瘢瘤上的可行性。

 

冷凍治療過程

手術約需時10至60分鐘,視乎個人情況及瘢瘤大小而定,並以局部麻醉方式進行。手術進行時,外科醫生先將長針插入瘢瘤內,小樽內的液態氮會灌入冷凍治療槍內,令長針急速變冷藉著超低溫度使細胞結晶,導致脫水,使細胞冷凍壞死,破壞瘢瘤內的深層組織。

外科醫生會在適當情況下,停止再輸入液態氮,讓瘢瘤解凍。患者在包紮傷口後,便可離開,不用留院,如常活動。一般情況下,傷口約在2至4星期內痊癒,壞死的細胞會結痂脫落。

 

冷凍治療的術後護理

術後部分患者的傷口會出現疼痛、紅斑、皮下水腫、皮下出血及色素減弱等,惟很快便會痊癒,患者只要每日清洗傷口及保持乾爽,防止傷口受感染便可。

 

冷凍治療的風險

對麻醉藥敏感, 傷口發炎等一般手術風險。




參考資料: http://keloid.com.hk/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途,如果你有任何醫療問題,
應向外科醫生查詢,而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料